Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL) and Bengaluru-based space startup Bellatrix Aerospace have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to collaborate on the design, development, and manufacturing of satellite systems and payloads.
The partnership combines BEL’s expertise in advanced defence electronics and mission-critical payloads with Bellatrix Aerospace’s innovation in satellite propulsion and subsystems. The collaboration aims to develop next-generation satellite platforms for Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) operations and strengthen India’s indigenous space capabilities.
Key Highlights
| Aspect | Details |
| Collaboration | BEL and Bellatrix Aerospace |
| Objective | Develop satellite systems and payloads |
| Focus | Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) satellite platforms |
| Applications | Strategic (defence) and civilian missions |
The partnership is expected to accelerate innovation and strengthen India’s ability to build advanced satellite systems.
About the Collaboration
The project focuses on building integrated satellite solutions by combining:
| Strength of BEL | Strength of Bellatrix Aerospace |
| Defence electronics manufacturing | Satellite propulsion technologies |
| Mission-critical payloads | Advanced satellite subsystems |
| Strategic electronics expertise | Electric and green propulsion systems |
This PSU–startup collaboration merges large-scale manufacturing capability with deep-tech innovation.
What are Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) Satellites?
Very Low Earth Orbit (VLEO) refers to satellite operations at altitudes between 150 km and 450 km above the Earth.
| Orbit Type | Altitude Range |
| VLEO | 150 – 450 km |
| Traditional Low Earth Orbit (LEO) | 500 – 2,000 km |
Satellites in VLEO operate much closer to Earth than typical LEO satellites.
How VLEO Satellite Systems Work
1. Atmospheric Interaction
At these altitudes, satellites encounter thin atmospheric particles, which create aerodynamic drag.
2. Advanced Propulsion Systems
To maintain orbit and prevent falling back to Earth, satellites use specialised electric or green propulsion systems that generate continuous thrust for station-keeping.
3. Proximity to Earth
The shorter distance between the satellite and Earth allows better imaging resolution and faster data transmission.
Key Features of VLEO Technology
| Feature | Benefit |
| Superior Imaging | High-resolution imaging with smaller sensors |
| Ultra-Low Latency | Faster signal transmission |
| Lower Launch Cost | Requires less energy to reach lower altitude |
| Self-Cleaning Orbit | Atmospheric drag pulls failed satellites back to burn up |
This natural orbital decay reduces space debris, making VLEO a more sustainable orbital regime.
Strategic Importance of the Collaboration
The BEL–Bellatrix partnership is expected to strengthen India’s emerging space technology ecosystem.
Key Advantages
- Boosts Indigenous Space Capability
Reduces dependence on foreign satellite technologies. - Enhances Defence Applications
VLEO satellites can support:- Border surveillance
- Intelligence gathering
- Real-time communication
- Supports Civilian Uses
- Earth observation
- Communication networks
- Disaster monitoring
- Encourages PSU–Startup Collaboration
Combines public sector manufacturing strength with private sector innovation.
Significance for India’s Space Sector
- Supports Atmanirbhar Bharat in space technologies.
- Strengthens India’s position in next-generation satellite platforms.
- Enables high-resolution monitoring capabilities for strategic missions.
- Expands the role of deep-tech startups in India’s space ecosystem.