Q.1) India’s First National Report (NR1) on the Nagoya Protocol relates to which concept?
[a] Climate finance
[b] Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)
[c] Carbon trading
[d] Wildlife census
View Answer
Answer: [b] Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS)
Explanation:
India submitted its First National Report on the Nagoya Protocol, which focuses on Access and Benefit Sharing (ABS) of biological resources. The report was prepared by the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change with support from National Biodiversity Authority and submitted to the Convention on Biological Diversity Secretariat. ABS ensures that benefits arising from the use of genetic resources and traditional knowledge are shared fairly with local communities. India implements ABS through a three-tier institutional framework, strengthening biodiversity governance and conservation efforts.
Q.2) India’s Seventh National Report (NR-7), recently submitted, is related to which international convention?
[a] Ramsar Convention
[b] UNFCCC
[c] Convention on Biological Diversity
[d] CITES
View Answer
Answer: [c] Convention on Biological Diversity
Explanation:
The Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) has submitted India’s Seventh National Report (NR-7) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) under Article 26, which mandates periodic reporting. The report aligns with India’s National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP 2024–2030) and the global Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (KMGBF). NR-7 highlights India’s continued commitment to the three core objectives of CBD—biodiversity conservation, sustainable use of biological resources, and fair & equitable benefit sharing.
Q.3) The Green Credit Programme (GCP), recently in news, primarily aims to:
[a] Promote industrial growth
[b] Incentivise environmentally positive actions
[c] Increase tax revenue
[d] Expand urban infrastructure
View Answer
Answer: [b] Incentivise environmentally positive actions
Explanation:
The Green Credit Programme (GCP), launched in 2023 by the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC), is an innovative initiative to incentivise environmentally positive actions. It supports the vision of Mission LiFE, promoting sustainable lifestyles and behavioural change. The programme aims to increase green cover, enhance carbon sequestration, restore degraded lands, and reduce carbon footprint. It introduces a market-based mechanism where individuals, communities, and organisations earn Green Credits (GCs) for eco-friendly actions.
Q.4) The National Mission for Financial Inclusion (NMFI) is popularly known as:
[a] Stand-Up India
[b] Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
[c] Mudra Yojana
[d] Digital India Mission
View Answer
Answer: [b] Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana
Explanation:
The National Mission for Financial Inclusion (NMFI), launched in August 2014, is widely known as the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY). It aims to ensure universal access to financial services such as banking, credit, insurance, and pension for all sections of society. A key pillar is the JAM Trinity (Jan Dhan–Aadhaar–Mobile), which integrates bank accounts with Aadhaar and mobile numbers. This platform enables efficient Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT), ensuring transparent, targeted, and leak-proof delivery of welfare schemes, thereby strengthening financial inclusion in India.
Q.5) Which of the following initiatives are aimed at boosting MSME competitiveness in global value chains?
- Export Promotion Mission
- Credit Guarantee Scheme for Exporters
- International Cooperation Scheme
Select the correct answer:
[a] 1 only
[b] 1 and 2 only
[c] 2 and 3 only
[d] 1, 2 and 3
View Answer
Answer: [d] 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
The Government of India is implementing multiple initiatives to strengthen Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and enhance their global competitiveness in value chains. Key among them is the Export Promotion Mission (EPM), which operates through two components- Niryat Protsahan (financial support) and Niryat Disha (trade ecosystem support). Additionally, the Credit Guarantee Scheme for Exporters helps MSMEs access credit by reducing collateral requirements and financial risks. The International Cooperation Scheme promotes global exposure by facilitating participation in international trade fairs, technology exchange, and business partnerships.
Q.6) The Rapid Survey on Functional Cooperatives (RSFC) aims to generate estimates of which of the following?
- Gross Value Added (GVA)
- Gross Value of Output (GVO)
- Employment in cooperative sector
Select the correct answer:
[a] 1 only
[b] 1 and 2 only
[c] 2 and 3 only
[d] 1, 2 and 3
View Answer
Answer: [d] 1, 2 and 3
Explanation:
National Statistics Office (NSO) will conduct the Rapid Survey on Functional Cooperatives (RSFC) from April 2026. The survey aims to generate reliable national-level estimates on Gross Value Added (GVA), Gross Value of Output (GVO), and employment in the cooperative sector. It will cover 30 major cooperative sectors, including agriculture, dairy, fisheries, housing, credit, and handloom. Based on the National Cooperative Database (NCD), the survey will ensure comprehensive coverage. RSFC will support evidence-based policymaking and strengthen India’s cooperative ecosystem.
Q.7) Which of the following statements regarding Horticulture Estimates (2024–25) is correct?
- Total horticulture production increased by over 4%
- Vegetable production growth was higher than fruit production
- Total horticulture area declined
Select the correct answer:
[a] 1 only
[b] 1 and 2 only
[c] 2 and 3 only
[d] 1, 2 and 3
View Answer
Answer: [b] 1 and 2 only
According to the estimates released by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare: Total horticulture production increased by 4.51%. Vegetable production (5.11%) grew faster than fruit production (4.13%). Area increased, not declined.
Q.8) Which of the following indicators are reported in the PLFS Monthly Bulletin?
- Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR)
- Worker Population Ratio (WPR)
- Unemployment Rate (UR)
Select the correct answer:
[a] 1 only
[b] 1 and 2 only
[c] 2 and 3 only
[d] 1, 2 and 3
View Answer
Answer: [d] 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS), conducted by the National Statistics Office, provides key labour market indicators. With the 2025 methodological update, PLFS now releases monthly bulletins containing: key indicators such as Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), Worker Population Ratio (WPR), and Unemployment Rate (UR). This reform enhances real-time monitoring of employment conditions and supports evidence-based policymaking. PLFS is India’s primary source of data on employment and unemployment trends.
Q.9) The Small Hydro Power (SHP) Development Scheme aims to develop projects of which capacity range?
[a] 25–100 MW
[b] 1–25 MW
[c] 100–500 MW
[d] Above 500 MW
View Answer
Answer: [b] 1–25 MW
Explanation
The Small Hydro Power (SHP) Development Scheme for FY 2026–27 to 2030–31 targets small-scale hydroelectric projects with capacities ranging from 1 MW to 25 MW. The scheme, with an outlay of ₹2,584.60 crore, aims to tap untapped hydro potential, especially in remote regions, while promoting clean energy and sustainable development. The scheme aims to add around 1,500 MW of clean energy capacity and is expected to mobilise ₹15,000 crore in investments from both public and private sectors.
Q.10) Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana (BHAVYA) aims to establish:
[a] Smart villages
[b] Industrial parks
[c] Green energy corridors
[d] Agricultural hubs
View Answer
Answer: [b] Industrial parks
Explanation:
Union Cabinet has approved the Bharat Audyogik Vikas Yojana (BHAVYA) with a total outlay of ₹33,660 crore to accelerate India’s industrial growth. The scheme aims to establish 100 plug-and-play industrial parks across the country, providing ready-to-use infrastructure for industries The scheme aims to boost manufacturing, investment, and employment, making India more competitive in global value chains. It builds on the success of the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme (NICDP).