The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) successfully conducted a short-duration hot test of its Semicryogenic Engine at the ISRO Propulsion Complex (IPRC), Mahendragiri, Tamil Nadu, marking a significant step in its advanced engine development programme.
Key Highlights
- Test Duration: 3.5 seconds
- Power Achieved: Operated at 60% of rated power level
- Engine Component Tested: Engine Power Head Test Article (PHTA) — includes all systems except the thrust chamber
- Purpose: Validate start-up sequence, stability of subsystems, and performance of critical components.
- Test Outcome: Stable ignition and performance; critical data generated to finalize full engine sequencing.
- Next Step: Further qualification tests ahead of integration into future ISRO launch vehicles.
Test Programme Objective
Evaluate performance of critical subsystems:
- Low-pressure and high-pressure turbo pumps
- Pre-burner
- Associated control systems
Collect data to finalize operational sequence for full engine tests
Part of a series of qualification tests to prepare engine for integration into ISRO’s launch vehicles
What is a Semicryogenic Engine?
- Oxidizer: Liquid oxygen (cryogenic)
- Fuel: Kerosene (stored at normal temperature)
- Advantage: High thrust with simpler storage and lower operational costs compared to fully cryogenic engines.
Cryogenic vs Semicryogenic Engines:
| Feature | Cryogenic Engine | Semicryogenic Engine |
| Fuel Used | Liquid hydrogen (cryogenic) | Kerosene (ambient temp) |
| Oxidizer Used | Liquid oxygen | Liquid oxygen |
| Storage | Cryogenic for both fuel and oxidizer | Cryogenic for oxidizer only |
| Cost & Handling | Expensive & complex | Less expensive & easier to handle |
| Efficiency | Very high | High |
Strategic Significance for India:
- Boosts ISRO’s capability to launch heavier satellites
- Supports deep-space exploration
- Reduces dependence on foreign propulsion tech
- Enhances India’s global competitiveness in space missions
NASA-ISRO NISAR Satellite Launch Preparations Underway
- Satellite: NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar)
- Launch Vehicle: GSLV-F1
- Current Status: Launch campaign commenced at Sriharikot
- Key Update: On March 2025, the GS2 (Second Stage) of GSLV-F16 was flagged off from IPRC, Mahendragiri, to the launch sit
- GS2 Stage Role: Will power the GSLV-F16 mission to launch NISAR