A new species of lizard, Mesalina bishnoi, has been discovered in Rajasthan, marking the first confirmed record of the genus Mesalina in India. The species was identified near Gajner in Bikaner district and formally described by scientists from the Zoological Survey of India along with other researchers.
Currently, Mesalina bishnoi is known only from its type locality in Bikaner district and is considered endemic to the Thar biogeographic province.
About Genus Mesalina
- Comprises small, fast-moving, diurnal lizards
- Adapted to arid and semi-arid environments
- Earlier mention by Malcolm A Smith (1935) of Mesalina watsonana in Jaisalmer lacked specimen-based confirmation
- This discovery provides the first validated evidence of the genus in India
Key Characteristics of Mesalina bishnoi
- Size: Small-bodied; snout-vent length ~ 39.2 mm
- Colouration: Greyish to olive-brown
- Markings:
- Pair of dorsolateral stripes from neck to tail
- Black markings behind eyes
- Irregular dark blotches with white spots (mottled appearance)
- Underside: Pale grey to off-white
Habitat
- Found in arid, semi-desert terrain
- Characterised by hard, rocky soil and sparse desert vegetation
Associated Fauna
Observed alongside:
- Sahgal’s gecko (Hemidactylus sahgali)
- Spotted desert racer (Platyceps ventromaculatus)
- Saw-scaled viper (Echis carinatus)
Key Findings of Study
- Field Survey: Conducted in August 2025 near Gajner
- Specimen Collection: From open semi-desert habitat
- Analysis Methods:
- Detailed morphological examination
- Genetic analysis (mitochondrial DNA)
Scientific Conclusions
- Belongs to the Mesalina watsonana species complex
- Shows significant genetic divergence from known species
- Confirmed as a distinct evolutionary lineage
Significance
- Establishes the first confirmed presence of genus Mesalina in India
- Highlights the biodiversity richness of the Thar Desert
- Strengthens understanding of reptilian evolution in arid ecosystems
- Emphasizes the importance of field surveys and genetic studies in species discovery